Initially, Oscar Romero was a conservative Catholic appointed arch-bishop of San Salvador, capital of El Salvador, in 1977. In fact, his appointment was considered to be an enormous setback to those in San Salvador who were working for social justice. But, Romeroâs life was transformed when he witnessed the assassination of a priest who was working to politically organize and mobilize a group of rural campesinos, rural farmworkers. Reflecting on this, Romero remarked that if this priest was killed for this work, he must follow inhis pathâthat is the path of Liberation Theology.